5.0 Fluently add and subtract within 5.
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Add and subtract within 20.
5. Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2).
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5. Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide.2 Examples:
If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known. (Commutative property of multiplication.) 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by
3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30. (Associative property of multiplication.) Knowing that
8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56. (Distributive property.)
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5. Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit
in the rule itself. For example, given the rule “Add 3” and the starting number 1, generate terms in the resulting sequence
and observe that the terms appear to alternate between odd and even numbers. Explain informally why the numbers will
continue to alternate in this way.
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