1. Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers.

1. Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.

1. Quote accurately from a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.

2.  Recount stories, including fables and folktales from diverse cultures, and determine their central message, lesson, or moral.

2. Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text.

2. Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges or how the speaker in a poem reflects upon a topic; summarize the text.

3.  With prompting and support, identify characters, settings, and major events in a story.

3. Describe characters, settings, and major events in a story, using key details.

3. Describe how characters in a story respond to major events and challenges.

3. Describe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to the sequence of events.

3. Compare and contrast two or more characters, settings, or events in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., how characters interact).

4. Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text. (See grade K Language standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

4. Identify words and phrases in stories or poems that suggest feelings or appeal to the senses. (See grade 1 Language standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

4. Describe how words and phrases (e.g., regular beats, alliteration, rhymes, repeated lines) supply rhythm and meaning in a story, poem, or song. (See grade 2 Lan- guage standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, distinguishing literal from nonliteral language. (See grade
3 Language standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean). (See grade 4 Language standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative language such as metaphors and similes. (See grade 5 Language standards 4–6 for additional expectations.) CA

5. Recognize common types of texts (e.g., storybooks, poems, fantasy, realistic text). CA

5. Explain major differences between books that tell stories and books that give information, drawing on a wide reading of a range of text types.

5. Describe the overall structure of a story, including describing how the beginning introduces the story and the ending concludes the action.

5. Refer to parts of stories, dramas, and poems when writing or speaking about a text, using terms such as chapter, scene, and stanza; describe how each successive part builds on earlier sections.

5. Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts
of characters, settings, descriptions, dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text.

5. Explain how a series of chapters, scenes, or stanzas fits together to provide the overall structure of a particular story, drama, or poem.

6. With prompting and support, name the author and illustrator of a story and define the role of each in telling the story.

6. Identify who is telling the story at various points in a text.

6. Acknowledge differences in the points of view of characters, including by speaking in a different voice for each character when reading dialogue aloud.

6. Distinguish their own point of view from that of the narrator or those of the characters.

6. Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first- and third-person narrations.

7. With prompting and support, describe
the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear (e.g., what moment in a story an illustration depicts).

7. Use illustrations and details in a story to describe its characters, setting, or events.

7. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot.

7. Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text.

7. Analyze how visual and multimedia elements contribute to the meaning, tone, or beauty
of a text (e.g., graphic novel, multimedia presentation of fiction, folktale, myth, poem)

8. (Not applicable to literature)

9. With prompting and support, compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories.

9. Compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in stories.

9. Compare and contrast two or more versions of the same story (e.g., Cinderella stories) by different authors or from different cultures.

poetry of appropriate complexity for grade 1.

1. Activate prior knowledge related to the information and events in a text. CA

2. Confirm predictions about what will happen next in a text. CA

10. By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories and poetry, in the grades 2–3 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.